Journal Information
Vol. 10. Issue 1.
Pages 87-95 (January - February 2004)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 10. Issue 1.
Pages 87-95 (January - February 2004)
ARTIGO ORIGINAL/ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Open Access
Febre transitória pós-broncofibroscopia – estudo prospectivo
Transient fever after fiberoptic bronchoscopy – a prospective study
Visits
4664
Marta Drummond, Adriana Magalhães, Venceslau Hespanhol
Serviço de Pneumologia do Hospital de São João, Porto
This item has received

Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
RESUMO

Introdução - A broncofibroscopia (BFC) é um procedimento essencial no diagnóstico e na terapêutica da patologia respiratória, mostrando-se uma técnica bastante segura. A ocorrência de febre transitória pós-broncofibroscopia tem sido descrita em alguns trabalhos.

Objectivo - Determinar a incidência de febre e bacteriemia nas 24 horas pós-broncofibroscopia e os factores que propiciam o seu aparecimento.

Material e Métodos - Estudaram-se prospectivamente 91 doentes ambulatórios e 40 doentes internados no S. Pneumologia do H.S.J. nas 24h após BFC, relativamente ao aparecimento de febre (T> 38ºC). Foram excluídos do estudo todos os doentes ambulatórios que haviam apresentado febre nas 48h prévias ao procedimento, que apresentavam infecção do tracto respiratório inferior documentada, terapêutica antibiótica e/ ou corticoterapia em curso.

A análise estatística foi realizada, usando o programa informático SPSS. Foram consideradas estatisticamente significativas as correlações com Pearson chi2 < 0,005.

Resultados - Dos doentes estudados, e referindo ambulatórios versus internados, 68% vs 85% eram homens, apresentavam média de idade de 54±± 16,5 anos vs 59±15,4 anos. Negaram antecedentes respiratórios 85% vs 52,5% dos doentes, eram fumadores 38,5% vs 55%.

Foi observado desenvolvimento de febre pós-BFC em 12,5 e 12,1% dos dois grupos estudados, respectivamente. Verificou-se isolamento de microrganismos em hemoculturas de 4 doentes (3 ambulatórios e 1 internado). Não se verificaram alterações radiológicas em nenhum doente internado e em 7,5% destes, houve subida de leucócitos superior a 50% da contagem prévia.

Não foi encontrada correlação entre o aparecimento de febre e idade superior a 60 anos, cáries dentárias, tabagismo, doenças associadas, presença de alterações endoscópicas e realização de procedimentos endoscópicos complementares (LBA, EB, BB e BTB), em nenhum dos grupos.

Conclusão - Uma percentagem significativa de doentes (12,2%) desenvolveu febre após BFC. A grande maioria dos doentes apresentou hemoculturas negativas o que suporta a hipótese da subida transitória da temperatura corporal se dever à libertação de mediadores pró-inflamatórios. Neste estudo não encontrámos factores associados ao aparecimento de febre pós-BFC.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2004; X (1): 87-95

Palavras-chave:
Febre
broncofibroscopia
mediadores pró-inflamatórios
ABSTRACT

Introduction - The Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (BRF) is an essential tool in diagnosis and therapy of respiratory diseases. The occurrence of transient fever after BRF has been documented in some studies. Its meaning hasn‘t yet been clarified.

Aim - Determine the incidence of fever and

bacteriemia in the 24 hours after BRF and identify its predictive factors.

Material and Methods - Ninety one outpatients and forty hospitalised patients were prospectively studied in the 24h after BRF to assess the appearance of fever (T>38ºC) and positive hemocultures.

Statistical analysis were performed using SPSS and the significance was considered when pearson chi2 was < 0,005.

Results - Referring outpatients / hospitalised patients, 68% / 85% were males, 85% / 52,5% denied previous respiratory diseases, mean age was 54±16,5years / 59±15,4years, 38,5% / 55% were smokers. Transient fever was observed in 12% / 12,5% patients. Positive hemocultures were found in four patients (3 outpatients and 1 hospitalised). None hospitalised patients showed radiological changes, in 7,5% cases white blood cells count rised >50%. We didn’t found statistically significant association between appearance of fever after BRF and age, dental caries, smoking habits, systemic disease, presence of endoscopic lesions and endoscopic techniques performed.

Conclusion - Transient fever following BRF is a common event and in majority of cases is not associated with bacteriemia. No statistical significant association was found between fever event and any of the studied factors.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 2004; X (1): 87-95

Key-words:
Fever
fiberoptic bronchoscopy
pro-inflammatory mediators
Full text is only aviable in PDF
BIBLIOGRAFIA
[1.]
S. Ikeda, N. Yanai, S. Ishikawa.
Flexible bronchofiberscope.
Keio J Med, 17 (1968), pp. 1
[2.]
S. Ikeda.
Flexible bronchofiberscope.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 79 (1970), pp. 916
[3.]
M.A. Sackner.
Bronchofiberscopy.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 111 (1975), pp. 62-88
[4.]
W. Pereira, D.M. Kovnat, G.L. Snider.
A prospective cooperative study of complications following flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Chest, 69 (1976), pp. 747-751
[5.]
C.A. Pue, E.R. Pacht.
Complications of fiberoptic bronchoscopy at a University Hospital.
Chest, 107 (1995), pp. 430-432
[6.]
J. Blic, V. Marchac, P. Scheinmann.
Complications of flexible bronchoscopy in children: prospective study of 1328 procedures.
European Respiratory Journal, 20 (2002), pp. 1271-1276
[7.]
W.F. Credle, J.F. Smiddy, R.C. Elliott.
Complications of fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 109 (1974), pp. 67-72
[8.]
P.M. Suratt, J.F. Smiddy, B. Bruber.
Deaths and complications associated with fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Chest, 69 (1976), pp. 747-751
[9.]
L.W. Burgher.
Complications and results of transbronchoscopic lung biopsy.
Nebr Med J, 64 (1979), pp. 247-248
[10.]
R.B. Dreisin, R.K. Albert, P.A. Talley, M.H. Kryger, C.H. Scoggin, C.W. Zwillich.
Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the teaching hospital.
Chest, 74 (1978), pp. 144-149
[11.]
A.J. Ghio, M. Bassett, A.N. Chall, D.G. Levin, P.A. Bromberg.
Bronchoscopy in healthy volunteers.
Journal of Bronchology, 5 (1998), pp. 185-194
[12.]
W. Pereira, M. Kovnat, M. Anees Khan, J.R. Iacovino, M.L. Spivack, G.L. Sn.
Fever and pneumonia after flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 112 (1975), pp. 59-64
[13.]
G.L. Baum, E. Wolinski.
Texbook of pulmonary diseases, 5, pp. 347
[14.]
A. Krause, B. Hohberg, F. Heine, M. John, G.R. Burmester, C. Witt.
Cytokines derived from alveolar macrophages induce fever after bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 155 (1997), pp. 1793-1797
[15.]
D.E. Schellhase, J.R. Tamez, A.A. Menendez, M.G. Morris, G.W. Fowler, S.Y. Lensing.
High fever after flexible bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage in noncritically ill immunocompetent children.
Pediatr Pulmonol, 28 (1999), pp. 139-144
[16.]
S. Godfrey, A. Avital, C. Maayan.
Yield from flexible bronchoscopy in children.
Pediatr Pulmonol, 23 (1997), pp. 261-269
[17.]
American Thoracic Society.
Flexible endoscopy of the pediatric airway.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 145 (1992), pp. 233-235
[18.]
E. Picard, S. Schwartz, S. Goldberg, T. Glick, Y. Villa, E. Kerem.
A prospective study of fever and bacteremia after flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in children.
Chest, 117 (2000), pp. 573-577
[19.]
S. Gilis, E.J. Dan, N. Berkman.
Fatal Hemophilus influenzae septicemia following bronchoscopy in a splenectomized patient.
Chest, 104 (1993), pp. 1607-1609
[20.]
H. Robbins, A.L. Goldman.
Failure of a prophilactic antimicrobial drug to prevent sepsis after fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Arch Intern Med, 139 (1979), pp. 580-582
[21.]
B.E. Beyt, D.K. King, R.H. Glew.
Fatal pneumonitis and septicemia after fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Chest, 72 (1977), pp. 105-107
[22.]
R.C. Kane, G.K. Sahetya, J.R. Fossieckbe, A.V. Tvardzik.
Absence of bacteremia after fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 111 (1975), pp. 102
[23.]
I.J. Strumpf, M.K. Feld, M.J. Cornelius, B.A. Keogh, R.G. Crystal.
Safety of fiberoptic bronchoalveolar lavage in evaluation of interstitial lung disease.
Chest, 80 (1981), pp. 268-271
[24.]
R.P. Smith, G.K. Sahetya, A.L. Baltch, J. O´Hern, D. Gort.
Bacteremia associated with fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
NY State J Med, 83 (1983), pp. 1045-1047
[25.]
S.O. Burman.
Bronchoscopy and bacteremia.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 40 (1960), pp. 635
[26.]
M.L. Pedro-Botet, J. Ruiz, M. Sabria, J. Roig, J. Abad, I. Carrasco, J.M. Manterolas.
Bacteremia after fibrobronchoscopy.
Prospective study. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin, 9 (1991), pp. 159-161
[27.]
M.C. Witte, S.M. Opal, J.G. Gilbert, J.L. Pluss, D.A. Thomas, J.D. Olsen, M.E. Perry.
Incidence of fever and bacteremia following transbronchial needle aspiration.
Chest, 89 (1986), pp. 85-87
[28.]
E. Picard, Y. Schlesinger, S. Goldberg.
Fatal pneumococcal sepsis following flexible bronchoscopy in an immunocompromized infant.
Pediatr Pulmonol, 25 (1998), pp. 390-392
[29.]
T.J. Standiford, S.L. Kunkel, R.M. Strieter.
Elevated serum levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor±after bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage.
Chest, 99 (1991), pp. 1529-1530
[30.]
M.J. Kluger, L. Kozak, R. Leon.
Cytokines and fever.
Neuroimmunomodulation, 2 (1995), pp. 216-223
Copyright © 2004. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
Pulmonology
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?