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Vol. 3. Issue 4.
Pages 369-376 (July - August 1997)
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Vol. 3. Issue 4.
Pages 369-376 (July - August 1997)
ARTIGO ORIGINAL
Open Access
Ventiloterapia domiciliária em doentes com insuficiência respiratória crónica
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J.C. Winck*, R. Nêveda*, M.C. Póvoa*, A. Cadeco**, P. Meireles**
* Unidade de Pneumologia, Hospatal de Snnta Luzia- Viana do Castelo
** Unidade de Cuidndos Intensives, Hospatal de Snnta Luzia- Viana do Castelo
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RESUMO

Introdução: A ventilação por pressão positiva via nasal tem-se tornado o método de escolha da assistência ventilatória domiciliária, sendo eficaz na maioria dos doentes com lnsuficiência Respiratória Crónica (IRC).

Objectivo: Analisar a experiência com a Ventiloterapia Domiciliária (VD) e avaliar a sua eficácia no tratamento de doentes com IRC de várias etiologias.

Material e métodos: lniciámos VD em 21 doentes (8M/13H), com média de idades de 58.3±11 anos, PaO2 58±8.9mmHg, PaCO2 59±10mmHg, pH7.38±0.05, FEVI (%) 56.6±28.6, FVC (%) 62.2±26.2, IT 73.3±15.5. Do grupo estudado, 11 tinham Síndrome de Hipoventila­ção/Obesidade, 4 Cifoscoliose, 3 Toracoplastia/Sequelas de TP e 3 DPOC/αSíndrome de Overlap». Em 11 doentes a instituição da terapeutica foi feita em fase aguda e 3 foram excluídos da análise (1 não tolerou o tratamento e 2 mudaram de residência). Em todos os casos usou-se o BiPAP por via nasal (5 comO2 associado), excepto em 3 que utilizaram CPAP.

Resultados: O tempo de utilização médio diário do ventilador foi de 6.7±3.4 horas aos 3 meses e de 7±3.5 horns aos 6 meses. Nos 16 doentes com reava li ação aos 3 meses a PaO2 aumentou para 68.8±16.9mmHg (p<0.02), a PaCO2 caiu para 52.4±8.8mmHg (p<0.005). Aos 6 meses, a PaO2 mantinha-se significativamente mais elevada em relação ao valor basal (PaO1 70.5±1 5mmHg; p<0.02), enquanto que a PaCO2 descia de modo mais significativo (PaCO2 48.7±7mmHg; p<0.002). Para além da melhoria subjectiva em todos os doentes, verificámos uma redução significativa do número de dias de internamento e de ventilação mecânica após o início da VD (51.3±82.4 dias de internamento versus 1±4, p<0.0005; 16.3±47.9 dias de ventilação mecânica versus 0, p<0.02).

Conclusão: Na nossa experiância, a VD por pressão positiva via nasal é um tratamento eficaz no controle da falância ventilatória. A boa tolerância e aderência associadas à redução dos custos por admissões hospital ares, aconselham a sua utilização oeste contexto.

Palavras-chave:
Ventiloterapia dom1ciliária
ventilação não-invasiva
insuficiência respiratória crónica
sindrome de hipoventilação-obesidade
ABSTRACT

Introduction: Nasal positive pressure ventilation has become the method of choice for domiciliary ventilatory assistance, with efficacy in the majority of patients with Chronic Respiratory Failure (CRF).

Aim: Analise the experience with Domiciliary Ventilation (DV) and evaluate its eficacy in the treatment of patients with CRF of different etiologies.

Patients and Methods: We have started DV in 2 1 patients (8F/13M), mean age 58±11years, PaO2 58±8.9mmHg, paCO2 59±10mmHg, pH7.38±0.05, FEVI%56.6±28.6, FVC%62.2±26.2, FEVI/FVC 73.3±15.5. The study group comprised 11 patients with Obesity-Hypoventilation Syndrome, 4 with Kyphoscoliosis, 3 Sequelae of Tuberculosis/Thoracoplasty and 3 COPD/Overlap Syndrome. In 11 patient initiation of ventilation was done during acute phase and 3 cases were excluded from analysis (I did not tolerate therapy and 2 changed dwelling). In all cases nasal BiPAP was used (5 with O2), except three that were on CPAP.

Results: Mean duration of daily ventilator use was 6. 7±3.4hours at 3 months and 7±3.5 horas at 6 months. In 16 patients with 3 months follow-up PaO2 rose to 68.8±16.9mmHg (p<0.02; Wilcoxon test), PaCO2 dropped to 52.4±8.8mmHg (p<0.005). At 6 months PaO2 was still significantly higher than its initial level (PaO2 70.5±1 5mmHg; p<0.02), while PaCO2 dropped more significantly (PaCO2 48. 7±7mmHg; p<0.002). Besides subjective improvement in all patients, we found a significant reduction in hospitalization duration and days of mechanical ventilation after DV was started (51.3±82.4 hospital days versus 1±4, p<0.0005; 16.3±47.9days of mechanical ventilation versus 0, p<0.02).

Conclusions: In our experience, nasal positive pressure DV is an effective treatment in the control of ventilatory failure. Both good tolerance and compliance together with reduction in hospital costs, support its use in this context.

Key-words:
Domiciliary ventilationnon-mvas1ve ventilation
restrictive disorders
obesity-hypoventilation syndrome
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Copyright © 1997. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
Pulmonology
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