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Vol. 4. Issue 3.
Pages 295-306 (May - June 1998)
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Vol. 4. Issue 3.
Pages 295-306 (May - June 1998)
ARTIGO DE REVISÃO/REVIEW ARTICLE
Open Access
Ventilação não invasiva na DPOC agudizada**
Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in acute exacerbation of COPD
Visits
4654
João Valença*
* Assistente Hospitalar Graduado de Pneumologia, Serviço de Pneumologia do H.S.M. (Director: Prof. M. Freitas e Costa)
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Article information
RESUMO

Na DPOC agudizada a acidose respiratória descompensada leva à necessidade de entubação traqueal e de ventilação mecãnica em 16% a 35% dos doentes. Dada a percentage apreciável de complicaçães com a ventilação invasive muitos investigadores têm tentado a ventilação não invasive com pressão positive (VNI).

A VNI diminui o trabalbo respiratorio, permite o descanso dos músculos respiratórios e melhora as trocas gasosas.

Até ao momento existem na literature 6 estudos prospectivos e randomizados, alguns dos quais multicêntricos, que avaliaram os possiveis beneficious da associação da VNI à terapêutica convencional. Da análise destes estudos é possível concluir que com a VNI houve uma diminuição significativa da necessidade de entubação traqueal (de 62% para 20%) e da mortalidade (de 30% para 9%). A menor mortalidade parece estar relacionada com a menor necessidade de entubação traqueal.

Em conclusão a VNI é uma arma terapêutica a utilize na primeira linha do tratamento das agudizaçães da DPOC.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 1998; IV (3): 295-306

Keywords:
Palavras-chave
DPOC
Agudizações
Ventilação não invasive a pressão positiva
ABSTRACT

In acute exacerbation of COPD the acute respiratory failure may require endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation for life support in 16% to 35% of the patients. Both endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation have numerous complications. So noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) is increasingly used in the treatment of these patients.

In six randomized studies NPPV plus standard therapy and standard therapy alone were compared. In all studies the two groups were similar. Overall intubation rate and mortality rate were decreased from 62% to 20% and from 30% to 9% respectively. Lower mortality is related with lower endotracheal intubation need.

In conclusion the compelling findings of randomized studies justify the implementation of NPPV as first line therapy for selected COPD patients with acute respiratory failure.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 1998; IV (3): 295-306

Key-words:
COPD
Acute Exacerbation
Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation
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Palestra proferida no XIII Congresso de Pneumologia, Novembro de 1997

Copyright © 1998. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
Pulmonology
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