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Vol. 4. Issue 3.
Pages 271-280 (May - June 1998)
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Vol. 4. Issue 3.
Pages 271-280 (May - June 1998)
ARTIGO ORIGINAL/ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Open Access
Tuberculose e toxicodependência
Tuberculosis and drug abuse
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J. Gil Duarte*, Helena Marques**, Pedro Costa**, Carlos Alves**, Ma Helena Forte***, Ma J. Marques Gomes****
* Assistente Hospitalar Graduado de Pneumologia
** Assistente Hospitalar de Pneumologia
*** Assistente Social do Hospital de Pulido Valente
**** Professora Associada da Faculdade de Coẽneias Medicas de Lishna. Directora do Serviço Pneumologia 4 do Hospital de Pulido Valente
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RESUMO

Cum o objectivo de avaliarmos o perfil clinico, assim como o grau de adesâo á terapêutica e padrāo de resistências aos antibacilares em doentes toxico-dependetes com tubereulose, efectuámos a revisāo de 29 processos clinicos de doentes internados com estas patologias no Serviço de Pneumoligia 4 do Hospital de Pulido Valente, no período compreedido entre Janeiro de 1994 e Junho de 1996.

Vinte e dois doentes (75.9%) eram do sexo maseulino, apresentando idade media de 28.6±6.4 anos e 7 (24.1%) do sexo feminine, com idade media de 28.1±3.3 anos. Eram de racça branca 88.5% dos doentes e 11.5% de raça negra. A grande maioria (96.6%) referiam hábitos tabágicos, com carga tabágica media de 20.3±16.0 U.M.A. e 83.3% referiam hábitos alcoólocos. A heroina foi a droga preferencialmente consumida (86.2%), embura muitos doentes consumida (86.2%), embura muitos doentes consumissem simultânearnente vários tipos de drogas, sendo a via endovenoso privilegiada por 72.4% dos doentes. A serolongia para VIH for positive em 969.0% dos casos e neste grupo 52.6% apresentavam Prova de Mantoux negative, 71.4% niveis de CD4 inferior a 500 e 76.9% CD4/CD8<0.5. A tuberculose pulmonary esteve presente em todos os casos e 20.7% apresentavam formas de tuberculose extra-pulmonar. Em 42.3% dos doentes as lesões radiográficas manifertaram-se por formas muito extensas. Oerreram 13.8% de reacções adversas que motivaram a modificação do esquema terapêutico. Encontrámos 42.9% de resistências primariasa pelo menos um antibacilar e 57.1% de resistências secundárias, sendo a taxa de multírrestências respectivamente de 7.1% c 14.3%. Após a alta verficou-se uma baixa adesão á terapẽutica. Seis doentes nunca compareceram no C.D.P. do local de residência. Dos restantes 20,11 (55%) abandonaram a terapêutica e dos 9 que permaneceram ligados ao C.D.P. 4 efectuaram terapêutica issegularmente.

A análise estatistica dos dados revelou quer através da analise bivariada. quer através da análise multivarriada, que o unico factor predictive para a não adesão ao tratamento, for a utilização endovenosa de drogas (odds ratio: 17.99; 1. C. 95%:1.19-271.41; p=0.036).

CONCLUSÕES: Constatámos uma forte associaçã com a infecção por VIH neste grupo de doentes. A má adesão á terapêutica com consequente desenvolvimento de resistẽncias e elevada contagiosidade, immõem medidas de vigilância e aborgagem terapêutica paticulares neste grupo de doentes.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 1998; IV (3): 271-280

Palavras-chave:
Tuberculose
Toxicodependendẽncia
Multirresisancia
Nãutica
ABSTRACT

In order to evaluate the clinic profile, therapy compliance and resistance patterns of antituberculous drugs in drugs in drug addicts with auberculosis, 29 clinical records of patients admitted in the Hospital de Pulido valente – Serviço de pneumologia 4, from January 1994 through June 1996 with these diagnosis were reviewed retrospectively.

Twenty two (75.9%) were male with mean age of 28.6±6.4years and 7 (24.1 %) were female. with mean age 28.1±3.3years. Eighty-eight percent were eancasian and 11.5% black. Ninety-six patients were smokers and 83.3% refered alcoholic abuse. Heroin was the most consumed drug (86.2%) and intracvenous route was used in 72.4% of patients. HIV seropositivity was used in 72.4% of patients. HIV seropositivity was found in 69% of them and this group 52.4% had negative tuberculin skin test, 71.4% CD4<500 and 76.9% CD4/ CD8<0.5. Pulmonary tuberculosis was present in all the cases and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in 20.7%. Primary antituberculous drug resistance to at least one drug was found in 42.9% of patients and acquired resistance 57.1% with multidrug resistance respectively 7.1% and 14.3%. After discharge, compliance with therapy was low. Six patients never attended the C.D.P. Eleven (55%) abandoned and only five of the9 remaining in treatment at C.D.P. were compliant with therapy.

Intravenous use of drugs was the only factor associated with noncompliance (odds ratio: 17.99; C.I 95%: 1.19-271.52; p=0.036) in a logistic regression analysis and in bivariate analysis.

CONCLUSIONS: We found an high association with HIV infection in this group of patients. Non-compliance with therapy with consequent development of multidrug resistance and high contagiousity imposes particular measures supervision and therapy in this group of patients.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 1998; IV (3): 271-280

Key-words:
Tuberculosis
Drug Addiction
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB)
Noncompliance with therapy
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Copyright © 1998. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
Pulmonology
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