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Vol. 6. Issue 6.
Pages 681-686 (November - December 2000)
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Vol. 6. Issue 6.
Pages 681-686 (November - December 2000)
Open Access
Novas drogas no tratamento do carcinoma do pulmão não pequenas células
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Mauro Zamboni*
* Pneumologista do Serviço de Tórax do Hospital do Câncer- INCA/MS - Rio de Janeiro- Brasil
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RESUMO

A quimioterapia, tem hoje, urn papel significativo no tratamento do carcinoma do pulmão não pequenas células (CPNPC) localmente avançado e no estádio TV. Os novas agentes quimioterápicos – a vinorelbina, as taxanas, a gemcitabina e o irinotecan – e as suas associações com a cisplatina tern demonstrado melhores índices de resposta e de sobrevida que os esquemas até entao utilizados. O aumento da sobrevida eo principal motivo que justifca plenamente a utilização dessas novas drogas e desses novos esquemas no tratamento do CNPCP. Entre elas, o docetaxel é a mais promissora como ficou demonstrado em estudos comparativos com tratamento de suporte nos quais evidenciouse um índice de resposta de 7,6%, uma sobrevida mediana maior (31 x 21 semanas) e uma melhor qualidade de vida. Outros estudos obtiverarn indice de resposta de 20% e sobrevida em l ano de 40% usando o docetaxel. Por sua vez, estudo utilizando a gemcitabina mostrou urn fndice de resposta de 19%, sobrevida medlana de 34 semanas e sobrevida em 1 ano de 45%. Os estudos utilizando o paclitaxel, bern como a vlnorelbina e o irinotecan, mostrararn resultados não tão eficazes como os conseguidos com o docetaxel e com a gemcitabina e portanto estas drogas necessitam de maiores investigações. Portanto necessitamos de mais estudos randomizados com um maior número de pacientes utilizando essas drogas e uma análise mais detalhada do custo-benefício no intuito de tornar mais claro o real papel da quimioterapia com essas drogas no tratamento do CPNPC.

Descritores:
Carcinoma de pulmão não pequenas célullas
Quimioterapia
ABSTRACT

Chemotherapy has become the standard treatment for advanced and metastatic non-smal cell Lung cancer (NSCLC). The news drugs – vinorelbine, taxanes, gemcitabine, and irinotecan – and their association with cisplatin have shown better response rates and survival in comparison with the standard regimens. This increase of survival is the main motive of the possible consideration in using that drugs in NSCLC patients. Among those, the most promising drug may be docetaxel that, in randomized trial comprising a best supportive care arm (BSC), documented a response rate of 7,6%, a longer median survival (31weeks x 21 of BSC), and a statistically better quality of life. Other studies obtained a response rate of 20% and 1-year survival of 40% using docetaxel. Gemcitabine has shown interesting results in this setting, with a 19% response rate, a median of 34 weeks and 1-year survival rate of 45°%. The activity of paclitaxel is not well defined and deserves more investigations. The efficacy of vinorelbine and irinotecan has been disappointed. More and largers randomized studies comparing chemotherapy with this drugs with best supportive care and carefully analysis of quality of life and cost-effectiveness will be needed to clarified the role of chemotherapy in NSCLC.

Key-words:
Non-small cell lung cancer
Chemotherapy
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