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Vol. 2. Issue 2.
Pages 65-73 (March - April 1996)
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Vol. 2. Issue 2.
Pages 65-73 (March - April 1996)
ARTIGO ORIGINAL
Open Access
Dessaturação nocturna e hipertensão da artéria pulmonar em doentes com bronquite crónica-enfisema e PaO2 55-70mmHg.
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José Moutinho Dos Santos1,*, Joaquim Molta2, António Leitão Marques3, Fernando Matos1, Rui Pato4
1 Assistente Hospitalar Graduado de Pneumologia, Serviço de Pneumologia, (Dir.: Dr. Armando Gonçalves) do Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra
2 Assistente Hospitalar de Pneumologia, Serviço de Pneumologia, (Dir.: Dr. Armando Gonçalves) do Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra
3 Assistente Hospitalar Graduado de Cardiologia, (Dir.: Dr. Rui Pato) e Serviço de Cardiologia, (Dir.: Dr. Armando Gonçalves) do Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra
4 Chefe de Serviço de Pneumologia, Serviço de Pneumologia, (Dir.: Dr. Armando Gonçalves) do Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra
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RESUMO

Foi sugerido que a dessaturação nocturna (DN) presente em doentes com bronquite crónica-enfisema (BCE) e níveis de hipoxémia basal superior a 55mmHg poderia ser uma condicionante na in stalação de hipertensão da artéria pulmonar (HTAP) permanente. No presente estudo avaliase, por um lado, as relações entre diversos parâmetros de DN e os índices funcionais de base e, por outro, a relação entre DN e HTAP. Trinta e seis doentes com BCE e PaO2 55-70mmHg, em situação estável, foram submetidos a cateterismo direito e estudo poligráfico do sono. Seis doentes foram excluídos por comprovação de sindroma de apneia do sono e oito por disfunção ventricular esquerda. Dos diversos índices de dessaturação, nos vinte e dois doentes analisados (12 homens, 10 mulheres; média de idades=67±8,6 anos; VEMS médio=1,1±0,42L; 47,9±19, 3% do prognosticado; PaO2 media=61,51±3,8mmHg) somente aqueles que valorizam o tempo passado em dessaturação (SaO2 média nocturna e tempo com SaO2<90%) se correlacionaram com os parâmetros funcionais de base (PaO2, PaCO2 e SaO2). Adoptando como critério de DN um tempo com SaO2<90% superior a 30% do tempo total de so no, 50% dos doentes tinham DN, distinguindo-se dos doentes não-DN unicamente por PaCO2 basal mais elevada (44,9±2,3 vs 40,9±4,3; p <0,05). Onze doentes (50%) apresentavam HTAP, distinguindo-se dos doentes sem HTAP unicamente por menor SaO2 basal (89,8:1:1,6 vs 91,7±1,2; p<0,05). Concluise que: 1) a DN é frequente em doentes com BCE e PaO2 55-70mmHg; 2) os parâmetros de DN não traduzem as mesmas realidades funcionais de base; 3) o tempo passado em dessaturação relacionase com o grau de hipoventilação basal; 4) a DN não parece ser o único factor de desenvolvimento de HTAP nestes doentes.

Palavras-chave:
insuficiência respiratória crónica
sono
dessaturação nocrurna
hipertensão arterial pulmonar
SUMMARY

It has been suggested that nocturnal desaturation (NOD) in patients with chronic bronchitis emphysema (CBE) and basal hypoxemic levels greater than 55mmHg can be related to the installation of a sustained pulmonary hypertension (PH). In this study the relationships between different NOD parameters and basal respiratory function and the relationships between NOD and PH, were evaluated. Thirty-six patients with CBE and basal stabilised PaO2 55-70mmHg were submitted to right heart cathetherization and to polysomnographic study. Fourteen patients were excluded (6 because of sleep apnoea syndrome and 8 because of left ventricular dysfunction). From the different parameters of nocturnal desaturation evaluated in the remaining 22 patients (12 men; 10 women; mean age=67±8.6years; mean FEV1=l, 1±0,42L; 47,9±19,3% predicted; mean PaO2=61,5I±3,8mmHg) only those related to the time spent in desaturation (mean nocturnal desaturation and time spent with SaO2<90%) showed significant correlation with basal PaO2, PaCO2 e SaO2 Using the time spent with a SaO2<90% greater than 30% of the total sleep time as a definition of NOD, 50% of the patients were nocturnal desaturators: basal PaCO2 was significantly higher in these patients (44,9±2,3 vs. 40,9±4,3; p <0,05). Eleven patients (50%) presented with PH: basal SaO2 was significant lower in these patients (89,8±1,6 vs. 91,7±1,2; p<0,05). We conclude that: 1) NOD is frequent in patients with CBE and PaO2 55-70mmHg; 2) tile different desaturation indices are not related with the same basal functional status; 3) the time spent in desaturation is related to the basal level of hypoventilation; 4) probably, NOD it is not the only factor related to the presence of PH in these patients.

Key-words:
chronic respiratory failure
sleep
noctrunal desaturation
pulmonary
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Copyright © 1996. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
Pulmonology
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