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Vol. 1. Issue 4.
Pages 345-359 (July - August 1995)
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Vol. 1. Issue 4.
Pages 345-359 (July - August 1995)
ARTIGO DE REVISÃO
Open Access
Aspectos epidemiológicos da asma
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5590
José Alves1, J. Carlos Martins2, Luís Rocha3, J. Agostinho Marques4
1 Professor Auxiliar. Serviço de Pneumologia. Faculdade de Medicina do Porto.
2 Interno Complementar de Medicina Interna. Serviço de Medicina 1. Hospital de S. João.
3 Interno Complementar de Pneumologia. Serviço de Pneumologia. Hospital de S. João.
4 Professor Associado com Agregação. Serviço de Pneumologia. Faculdade de Medicina do Porto.
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SUMÁRIO

Uma série de questões referentes à asma mantêm-se actuais e motivam a investigação científica nesta área. A definição ideal de asma ainda não é consensual, o que levanta problemas importantes na execução de trabalhos, quer clínicos, quer epidemiológicos. As diferentes classificações de asma, de acordo com a gravidade ou etiologia, são também um óbice para a padronização do tratamento. A relação entre HSB, atopia e asma não está completamente esclarecida. O papel da HSB, quer no diagnóstico quer na monitorização da eficácia terapêutica, é uma questão particularmente actual, pela sua ligação evidente com os novos conceitos subjacentes à fisiopatologia da asma. Tudo indica que a prevalência da asma e da sua gravidade está a aumentar. As causas desta tendência são pouco claras e, por isso, objecto de estudo. A mortalidade referida à asma está a aumentar em muitos países e este aumento preocupa a comunidade científica, sendo o esclarecimento das suas causas um dos objectivos de diversos trabalhos em curso. No campo da terapêutica, embora se tenham obtido consensos alargados, muito se pode ainda esperar das novas drogas inibidoras dos mediadores da inflamação.

Palavras-chave:
Epidemiologia
Asma
Atopia
Hipersensibilidade
Prevalência
Mortalidade
Revisão
SUMMARY

Several doubts concerning asthma are still update and lead to the research in this field. The definition of asthma shows gaps which hamper the execution of epidemiological studies and turn comparisons useless. As there is not a unique grading of severity, this hinders the standardisation of the treatment. The relationship of asthma with atopy and hiperresponsiveness (BHR) is not clear. The role of BHR in the diagnosis and therapeutics performance is a actual question because of fisiopatology involved. Several reports prove that asthma prevalence and mortality are increasing. The explanation of this trends worris the scientific community and promotes scentific research. There are internationals therapeutic rules but new drugs acting on the inflammatory mediators may show very important.

Key-Words:
Epidemiology
Asthma
Atopy
Hiperresponsiveness
Prevalence
Mortality
Revision
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