Journal Information
Vol. 4. Issue 2.
Pages 207-216 (March - April 1998)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 4. Issue 2.
Pages 207-216 (March - April 1998)
Artigo de revisão/Review article
Open Access
Amiodarona numa Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Pneumológicos. Revisão de utilizaçao
Amiodarone in respiratory intensive care unit. Our experience
Visits
5946
Jorge Dionísio*, Isabel Pereira*, Luis Telo**, Raul Amaral-Marques***
* Assistente Eventual de Pncumologia, Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Pneumológicos (UCIP)
** Assistente Hospitalar Graduado de Pneumologia, Departamento de Pneumologia do Hospital de Pulido Valente - Lisboa
*** Chefe de Serviço de Pneumologia, Alameda de Linhas de Torres, 117. 1700 Lisboa.
This item has received

Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
RESUMO

Sendo a amiodarona o fármaco mais utilizado para controle das taquidisritmias supraventriculares na unidade em que trabalhamos, efectuámos um estudo retrospectivo para avaliar a sua eficáciá em função da estratégia terapêutica empregue e perfil tóxico.

Foram analisados os processos de 28 doentes tratados com amiodarona parentérica, sendo 23 homens e 5 mulheres, com uma média etária de 68.3 anos, todos com patologia pulmonar e necessidade de ventilação mecânica.

As arritmias identificadas foram fibrilhação auricular em 16 doentes, taquicardia paroxistica supraventricular em 7, nutter auricular em 3 e extrassistolia em 2. A amiodarona foi administrada por via endovenosa na dose de indução de 300mg em 30 minutos seguida de uma dose média de manutenção de 11μg/Kg/min durante urn tempo medio de administração de 33 horas.

Este fármaco foi considerado inicialmente eficaz em 23 doentes (82,1%), havendo a referir, contudo, a existencia de 8 recidivas (28,6%).

Foram detectados 8 casos de toxicidade (28,6%). 4 de bradicardia (14,3% ) e 4 de hepatite aguda (14,3%).

Concluimos que apesar de uma eficácia inicial de acordo com a literatura. encontramos um elevado numero de recidivas o que nos leva a propor uma modificação na nossa estratégia. O elevado número de doentes com alteração da função hepática levanos a sugerir uma maior vigilância destes parâmetros durante a utilização da amiodarona, principalmente em doentes em cuidados intensivos.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 1998; IV (2): 207-216

Palavras-chave:
amiodarona
toxicidade
UCI
SUMMARY

Amiodarone is the drug most used to control supraventricular tachyarrhytbmias in our intensive care uit. A retrospective study was performed to evaluate its efficacy and toxicity.

Clinical records of 28 patients treated with amiodarone were analyzed: 23 were man, 5 were women, with a mean age of 68.3 yean, all suffering from lung disease and submitted to mechanical ventilation.

The diagnosed as were atrial fibrillation in 16 patients, supraventricular tachicardia in 7, atrial nutter in 3 and extrasistolic in 2.

Amiodarone was used intravenous at tbe dosage of 300mg over 30 minutes, followed by a mean dosage of 11 gg!Kglmin given in a mean of 33 hours.

Amiodarone was considered effective in 23 patients (82.1 % ), but 8 relapses were observed (28.6% ).

Eight cases of acute toxicity were observed (28.6% ): 4 patients with bradicardia (14.3%) and 4 with acute hepatitis (14.3%).

We concluded that in spite an initial efficacy, as described in literature, a high number or relapses (28,6%) and an important toxicity (14,3% of patients), imposes a change in the therapeutic strategy and a narrower surveillance of the hepatic function.

REV PORT PNEUMOL 1998; IV (2): 207-216

Key-words:
amiodarone
toxicity
ICU
Full text is only aviable in PDF
BIBLIOGRAFIA
[1.]
AHFS.
American Hospital formulary Service, pp. l034-1044
[2.]
Martindale.
The Extra Pharmacopoeia, Thirty-first edition, pp. 817-819
[3.]
P. Podrid.
Amiodarone: Reevaluation of an Old Drug: Ann Intern Med., 122 (1995), pp. 689-700
[4.]
B. Singh.
Antiarrhytmic actions of Amiodarone: A profile of a paradoxical agent.
Am J Cardiol, 78 (1996), pp. 41-53
[5.]
J. Mason.
Amiodarone.
N Engl J Med., 316 (1987), pp. 455-466
[6.]
P. Couniham, W. McKenna.
Risk-benefit assesement of amiodarone in the treatment of cardiac arrhytinias.
Drug Safety., 5 (1990), pp. 286-304
[7.]
D. Katrisis, A. Camm.
Amiodarone in long term prophylaxis.
Drugs, 41 (1991), pp. 54-66
[8.]
E. Galve, T. Rius, R. Ballester.
Intravenous amiodarone in treatment of recent onset atrial fibrillation: results of a randomized, controlled study.
[9.]
D. Zarembski, P. Nolan, M. Slack, et al.
Treatment of resistant atrial fibrillation A meta-analysis comparing amiodarone and flecainide.
Arch Inter Med, 155 (1995), pp. 1885-1891
[10.]
N. Kerin, K. Faitel, M. Naini.
The efficacy of intravenous amiodarone for the conversion of chronic atrial fibrillation. Amiodarone vs Quinidine for conversion of Atrial Fibrillation.
Arch Inter Med, 156 (1996), pp. 49-53
[11.]
K. Donovan, B. Power, B. Hockings, et al.
Intravenous Flecainide versus Amiodarone for recent-onset atrial fibrillation.
Am J Cardiol, 75 (1995), pp. 693-697
[12.]
M. Sopher, J. Camm.
Atrial fibrillation: maintenance of sinus rhythm versus rate control.
Am J Cardiol, 77 (1996), pp. 24A-37A
[13.]
Z. Ukani, M. Ezekowitz.
Contemporary management of atrial fibrillation.
Med Clin North Am, 79 (1995), pp. 1135-1154
[14.]
Z.-Y. Hou, M.-S. Chang, C.-Y. Chen, et al.
Acute treatment of recent-onset atrial fibrillation and flutter with a tailored dosing regimen of intravenous amiodarone.
Eur Heart Journal, 16 (1995), pp. 521-528
[15.]
C. Fresco, A. Proclemer, et al.
Management of recent onset atrial fibrillation.
Eur Heart Journal, 17 (1996), pp. 41-47
[16.]
A. Leenhardt, O. Thomas, P. Coumel.
Traitement pharmacologique de la fibrillation auriculaire.
Arcb Mal Coeur, 90 (1997), pp. 41-46
[17.]
W. Stevenson.
Mechanisms and management of arrhytmias in heart failure.
Current Opinion in Cardiology, 10 (1995), pp. 274-281
[18.]
J. Cybulsky, P. Kulakowsky, E. Makowska, et al.
Intravenous amiodarone is safe and seems to be effective in termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachyarrhythmias.
Clin - Cardiol, 19 (1996), pp. 563-566
[19.]
G. Vietti-Ramus, F. Veglio, U. Marchisio, et al.
Efficacy and safety of short intravenous amiodarone in supraventricular tachyarrhythmias.
Int J Cardiol., 35 (1992), pp. 77-85
[20.]
F. Froes, J. Sá.
Protocolo de administração de fármacos em pcrfusão contínua.
R. Port Med Intensiva, 1 (1992), pp. 55-66
[21.]
C. Mendonca, A. Perejra, S. Longo, et al.
Amiodarona e Pulmão.
Rev port Cardiol, 15 (1996), pp. 745-754
[22.]
B. Rigas, L. Rosenfeld, K. Barwick, et al.
Amiodarone Hepatotoxicity A clinicopathologic stady of five patients.
Ann Int Med, 104 (1986), pp. 348-351
[23.]
J. Simon, P. Manley, J. Brien, et al.
Amiodarone hepatotoxicity simulating alcoholic liver disease.
N Eng J Med, 311 (1984), pp. 167-172
[24.]
M. Pye, R. Northcote, S. Cobre.
Acute hepatitis after parenteral amiodaronc administration.
Br Heart J, 59 (1988), pp. 690-691
[25.]
H. Rinder, J. Love, R. Wexler.
Arniodarone hepatotoxicity.
N Eng J Med, 314 (1986), pp. 318-319
[26.]
P. Lim, P. Trewby, G. Storey, et al.
Neuropathy and fatal hepatitis in a patient receiving amiodarone.
British Medical Journal, 288 (1984), pp. 1638-1639
[27.]
R. Morde, G. Valenzuela, T. Geenwald, et al.
Amiodarone-induced liver toxicity.
Ann lnt Med, 109 (1988), pp. 838-840
[28.]
J. Gill, H. Rennie, A. Fitton.
Amiodarone an overview of its pharmacological properties, and review of its therapeutic use in cardiac arrhytmias.
Drugs, 43 (1992), pp. 69-110
[29.]
A. Rhodes, J. Eastwood, S. Smith.
Early acute hepatitis with parenteral amiodarone: a toxic effect of the vehicle?.
Gut, 34 (1993), pp. 565-566
[30.]
M. Richer, S. Robert.
Fatal hepatotoxicity following oral administration of amiodarone.
Ann-Pharmacother, 29 (1995), pp. 582-586
[31.]
J. Paniagua-Clusells, R. Arcusa-Gavalda, F. Goma-Masip, et al.
Hepatitis aguda por amiodarona intravenosa.
Rev-Esp-Cardiol, 49 (1996), pp. 384-385
[32.]
N. Evans, G. Park.
Algorithms for rational prescribing in the critically ill, pp. 4-5
Copyright © 1998. Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP
Pulmonology
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?